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The (partial) replacement of synthetic polymers with bioplastics is due to increased production of conventional packaging plastics causing for severe environmental pollution with plastics waste. The bioplastics, however, represent complex mixtures of known and unknown (bio)polymers, fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardant, pigments, antioxidants, hydrophobic polymers such as poly(lactic acid), polyethylene, polyesters, glycol, or poly(butylene succinate), and little is known of their chemical safety for both the environment and the human health. Polymerization reactions of bioplastics can produce no intentionally added chemicals to the bulk material, which could be toxic, as well. When polymers are used to food packing, then the latter chemicals could also migrate from the polymer to food. This fact compromises the safety for consumers, as well. The scarce data on chemical safety of bioplastics makes a gap in knowledge of their toxicity to humans and environment. Thus, development of exact analytical protocols for determining chemicals of bioplastics in environmental and food samples as well as packing polymers can only provide warrant for reliable conclusive evidence of their safety for both the human health and the environment. The task is compulsory according to legislation Directives valid to environmental protection, food control, and assessment of the risk to human health. The quantitative and structural determination of analytes is primary research task of analysis of polymers. The methods of mass spectrometry are fruitfully used for these purposes. Methodological development of exact analytical mass spectrometric tools for reliable structural analysis of bioplastics only guarantees their safety, efficacy, and quality to both humans and environment. This study, first, highlights innovative stochastic dynamics equations processing exactly mass spectrometric measurands and, thus, producing exact analyte quantification and 3D molecular and electronic structural analyses. There are determined synthetic polymers such as poly(ethylenglycol), poly(propylene glycol), and polyisoprene as well as biopolymers in bags for foodstuffs made from renewable cellulose and starch, and containing, in total within the 20,416–17,495 chemicals per sample of the composite biopolymers. Advantages of complementary employment in mass spectrometric methods and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is highlighted. The study utilizes ultra-high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometric and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data on biodegradable plastics bags for foodstuffs; high accuracy quantum chemical static methods, molecular dynamics; and chemometrics. There is achieved method performance |r| = 0.99981 determining poly(propylene glycol) in bag for foodstuff containing 20,416 species and using stochastic dynamics mass spectrometric formulas. The results highlight their great capability and applicability to the analytical science as well as relevance to both the fundamental research and to the industry.
A bibliometric analysis of research trends in air pollution and environmental impacts
Vol 6, Issue 1, 2025
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Abstract
This study presents an extended bibliometric analysis to identify the research landscape, trends, and influential aspects in the field of air pollution and environmental impacts. This study aims to explore the existing gaps and emerging trends in the research landscape on air pollution and its environmental impacts by analyzing publication records, author analysis, country analysis, keywords analysis and thematic maps. The findings expose the increasing interest in air pollution and its environmental impacts worldwide, growing research output, key contributors, and influential knowledge hubs that are in the process of shaping this field of study. Bibliometric techniques, like keyword co-occurrence and thematic mapping, unravel the intellectual structure and evolving focal areas within this research domain. The main findings reveal a number of highly frequent keywords that describe the interdisciplinary nature of air pollution and environmental impact studies. Thematic mapping highlights the following major themes: “air”, “climate” and “pollution”, while emerging themes in research involve “emission”, “biomass” and “factors”, etc. The study gives useful insights for future studies and informed decision-making in the industry with a better understanding of the status quo in air pollution and its environmental impacts research. Future research efforts are recommended to be directed toward more interdisciplinary approaches, strengthened regional studies in developing countries, and the promotion of international collaborations in order to meet air pollution and its environmental consequence challenges effectively on a global scale.
Keywords
References
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