About This Journal

Smart Tourism (ST) is an open-access peer-reviewed journal. ST focuses on the application of modern intelligent technology in tourism management, tourism service, tourism marketing, etc. The journal also pays attention to some new technologies such as cloud computing, and the internet, which perceive tourism-related information with the help of portable terminal Internet devices to arrange or adjust tourism plans in time. It is the real-time interaction between tourists and the Internet, which makes the tour arrangement enter the touch era. It will also inspire new ideas on policy formulation, the prosperity of villages, cultural protection, etc. The journal welcomes all relevant submissions of original research articles, case reports, reviews, etc. Those articles that make constructive contributions to theory, technology, and methods are welcomed.

ISSN:2810-9821          (online)

Focus and Scope

For Authors

• Publishing Ethics

  Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte. Ltd. requests all members involved in the journal publishing process to adhere to the Core Practices on publication ethics as stipulated by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) 

  The publisher strictly adheres to the guidelines and best practices, which include Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in  Medical Journals from the International Committee of Medical Journals Editors (ICMJE) and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing developed by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

  The journal editors take all possible misconducts seriously. The Editors, authors or readers can forward their concerns to the journal if they find out that the description in a submitted article may constitute an academic fraud, research misconduct or publication malpractice. The concerns or complaints on the possible allegations submitted to the journal will be dealt with promptly and appropriately according to the procedure set out in the COPE flowchart on complaints. The complainant may direct all inquiries and correspondence to the publisher at editorial-st@apacsci.com.

  The Smart Tourism (ST) adopts a zero-tolerance policy concerning any academic misconducts and ethical violations in research and publication regardless of the severity of these issues. The violations include plagiarism, falsification of research, data fabrication, submitting manuscripts of others as one’s own, submission of same manuscript to different publication venues at the same time and breaching intellectual property rights. In cases of suspected misconduct and ethical violation, a panel will be formed to investigate the allegation. If the allegation is supported by evidence, the submitted manuscript in question will be declined for consideration in the journal and all authors will be informed in this regard. A retraction initiated by authors or by the journal is required to take place if the paper has already been published, and the retraction will be made public. Authors of the work in question will receive the panel’s decision via email and all appeals regarding the decision will have to be made to the journal at editorial-st@apacsci.com within 30 days of the decision date.

• Editorial Policies

  Authors should read the “Author Guidelines” before making a submission, and make sure that the manuscripts were written in accordance to the style and specifications of the journal’s policy.

  All manuscripts submitted to Smart Tourism are subject to rigorous peer review. Prior to peer review process, the manuscripts will be screened for acceptable English language, novelty and relevance to the Focus and Scope of the journal.

  Any manuscripts submitted to Smart Tourism will be treated as confidential materials. The manuscripts will not be disclosed to anyone except individuals such as editorial staff, reviewers and editors who participate in the initial screening, review, processing and preparation of the manuscript for publication (if accepted).

  A manuscript would not be accepted if it has been published or is currently under consideration for publication in any other journals. The authors are required to notify the editorial team if the findings and data in their submissions have been presented in conferences.

• Ethical Oversight

  ST always follows the Ethical Oversight policy of COPE, and monitors every stage of the completion of best practice followed by the Core Practice and the ethical problem of COPE. All academic misconduct is strictly prohibited. If there is any potential for, including but not limited to academic fraud, plagiarism, and multiple contributions, the manuscript will not be assigned to the next stage for evaluation, and authors are responsible for explaining doubts to the Editorial Office. ST promises that all the submissions are private, and they will not be disclosed to third parties unless the publishing purposes. Authors, editors, and reviewers should expose any potential conflict of interest timely according to the Conflict of Interest Policy.

  For subjects involving humans or animals, ST asks authors to be deeply concerned the privacy and welfare of the subjects based on the policy of Statement of Human and Animal Rights. Authors should provide the approval from the institutional ethical regulator or committee. All the information of the subjects is private, and authors should hide the identifiable information such as face picture, name, and fingerprint picture. Most importantly, Informed Content Statement from all the research subjects should be obtained, and authors need to inform the subjects that this research will be published in future. For the vulnerable, it is necessary to obtain oral or written Informed Content Statement from their parent of kinship.

• Authorship

  Authorship of a scholarly paper should be limited to individuals who have contributed substantially to its intellectual content. Participation solely in the acquisition of funding or general supervision of the research group is not sufficient for authorship. All authors should hold the responsibility of fairly evaluating their respective roles and their co-authors’ roles in the project. This is to ensure that authorship is attributed according to a fixed standard in all publications for which they will be listed as authors.

  In order to be listed as an author for a paper, one should have contributed sufficiently to the project. A co-author is expected to have contributed to some component of the work which led to the paper or be involved in the interpretation of its results. All authors should have a say in the final approval of the version to be published, in addition to reviewing the final manuscript prior to submission.

  Individuals who do not meet the above requirements, but have provided a valuable contribution to the work, may be acknowledged for their contribution as appropriate to the publication.

  Changes to Authorship

  Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript is accepted for publication. The corresponding author should provide the reasons for the change in authorship list and the proof of written confirmation from all authors (including the existing authors, author(s) to be added and/or removed) agreeing with such change, to the Editorial Office.

  The requests for authorship changes need to be approved by the Editorial Office before any changes can be made.

• Conflict of Interest

  Conflicts of interest may exist when professional judgements concerning a primary interest have the possibility of being influenced by a secondary interest (e.g.: financial gains). It is to be noted that even perceptions of conflicts of interest are as important as the actual conflicts of interest.

  Any agreements with study sponsors (for profit or non-profit), which interfere with the authors’ access to the study data, ability to analyze or interpret the data and publish manuscripts independently according to their own decision, should be avoided by authors at all costs.

  A declaration of interests for all authors must be received before an article can be reviewed and accepted for publication.

  Authors, reviewers and editors should declare any (potential) non-financial conflicts of interest and declare any unpaid roles or relations that may influence the decision on the article publication. This includes, but is not limited to, unpaid role in a government or non-governmental organization, unpaid role in an advocacy or lobbying organization, and unpaid advisory position in a commercial organization.

  In addition, reviewers and editors must disclose any association that poses a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript. Examples of such activities could include personal or work-related relationships, and events.

  Common reasons for editors and reviewers to be replaced include but are not limited to:

  • The editor or reviewer works at the same organization as one of the authors.
  • The editor or reviewer is one of the authors of this work.
  • The editor or reviewer is on the avoidance list from the author(s).
  • The editor or reviewer has a financial relationship or personal relationship with an author.

• Misconduct Policy

  Duplicate Submission

  Manuscripts submitted to ST should:

  1) not have been published before;

  2) not concurrently be submitted elsewhere.

  If part of a manuscript has been published or will be published elsewhere, the authors must let the editors know in a cover letter. If duplicate submission is detected during peer review, the manuscript may be rejected. If it is detected after publication, the manuscript may be retracted.

  Plagiarism

  Authors are advised to observe high standards in the aspect of publication ethics. Any plagiarism (fabrication or falsification of data) are strictly unacceptable practices in ST, including duplicate publication of the author’s work without proper citation.

  Every manuscript submitted for publication is checked for plagiarism via CrossCheck (powered by iThenticate) after submission and before being sent to the editor for editorial review. Any detection of overlapping and similar texts in the manuscripts submitted will be investigated promptly and may lead to the manuscript being rejected.

   

• Errata & Withdrawal Policy

  Errata

  All publisher-introduced changes are highlighted to the author at the proof stage and any errors are ideally identified by the author and corrected by the publisher before final publication. Any errors in published articles discovered by readers, authors, editors, etc., please contact the journal editor. Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte. Ltd. will only instigate a corrigendum to a published article after receiving approval and instructions from the editor.

  Withdrawal

  If authors change their mind and decide not to pursue publication of papers with the journal, they must write a letter addressed to our editors at editorial-st@apacsci.com, explaining the reason(s) of submission withdrawal. Consents of all co-authors must be obtained for author-initiated submission withdrawal. The decision to withdraw a submission would eventually rest with the editors, including the Editor-in-Chief.

  It is relatively more difficult to withdraw a paper that has been processed for peer-review or is under peer-review compared to withdrawing a new submission because the editors and reviewers have expended much time and energy in editorial process and manuscript evaluation, respectively. To withdraw a paper that has been processed for peer-review, authors should clearly argue their case on scientific reasons; only valid and sound reasons will be accepted. He/she would be required to pay a penalty fee (USD 200). Authors are advised to keep in mind that an article should only be withdrawn if the authors detect significant errors or flaws, as it is not an acceptable practice to withdraw an article after it has been sent for peer review. Once the approval of submission withdrawal is granted, the submission will be removed from the journal’s online submission system, and a confirmation email of submission withdrawal will be sent to the authors. The withdrawal process is considered to be complete once the author receives a confirmation of withdrawal from the Journal Editorial Office.

  Submission withdrawal is also possible for accepted papers that have not been formally published, including the newly accepted papers and Articles in Press.

  Withdrawal of an accepted paper and Article in Press is usually editor-initiated. The reasons of withdrawing accepted papers and Articles in Press are similar to those of retracting a published article, i.e., academic misconducts and ethical violations in research and publication regardless of the severity of these issues. The misconducts and violations include plagiarism, falsification of research, data fabrication, submitting manuscripts of others as one’s own, submission of same manuscript to different publication venues at the same time and breaching intellectual property rights. Once the suspected misconduct and ethical violation is brought to our attention, the editors will organize an investigation and authors are required to cooperate in the investigation; any accepted papers or Articles in Press subject to investigation at this stage will not be arranged for article production or finalization. A Panel will be organized to investigate the allegations. If the allegations are proven true with supporting evidence, the accepted paper or Article in Press will be marked for withdrawal, and a notification email regarding the Panel’s Decision will be sent to all authors of the work. Any appeals regarding the Panel’s Decision will have to be made to the journal within 14 days of the decision date. In the absence of an appeal from the authors within the 14 days, the submission will be removed from the journal’s online submission system, and a confirmation email of submission withdrawal will be sent to the authors.

  Authors should note that any amounts of paid Article Processing Charge will not be refunded if their accepted papers or Articles in Press are withdrawn on the grounds of academic misconducts and ethical violations in research and publication.

• Language

  The language used in manuscripts submitted to Smart Tourism is English. Authors whose first language is not English may want to have their manuscripts professionally edited before the final submission to ensure that the academic content of the paper is fully understood by its prospective readers.

• Indexing & Archiving

  Smart Tourism (ST) has be indexed by several world-class abstracting/indexing databases:

     Google Scholar

     Scilit

     EuroPub

   

  • All the articles published online will be archived by Portico for long-term digital preservation.

  • Authors are encouraged to self-archive the final version of their published articles into institutional repositories (such as those listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories).

  • Authors are also encouraged to use the final PDF version published on the website of Smart Tourism.

• Preprint Policy

  Authors are permitted to post their non-peer-reviewed original research manuscripts to preprint servers before submitting to Smart Tourism. 

  Authors are not allowed to post any versions of articles that have been revised as a result of peer review, accepted for publication or published in the journal on a preprint server. The manuscript whose corresponding preprint version has been indexed (e.g. in MEDLINE or PubMed) will not be considered.

  We encourage formal citation of preprints in the reference list if appropriate.

• Disclaimer

  This journal is not liable to the statements, perspectives, and opinions contained in the published articles. The appearance of advertisements in the journal shall not be construed as a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised and/or the safety thereof. This journal and the Publisher disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas or products referred to in the articles or advertisements.

  As an author, once submitting a manuscript, it means that you have been aware of all publishing policies & ethics, and will strictly abide by them.

  As a reviewer, once reviewing a manuscript, it means that you must be aware of the peer review policies, and proactively disclose of all potential conflicts of interest, and guarantee that the article will be judged fairly and objectively.

• Advertising Policy

  All advertisements are subject to approval to the Publisher. Advertisements must comply with the relevant regulations in the country where the advertisements appear. For more inquiries, please send email to editorial-st@apacsci.com.

• Article Processing Charges (APCs)

  Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte. Ltd. publishes all its journals in Gold Open Access format. The scientific community and the general public have free of all restrictions on accessing (e.g., subscription) and free of many restrictions on using its contents as soon as it is published online. In order to defray our editorial and production costs, authors of the accepted articles are required to pay the article processing charges of US $800). The charges will come from authors' institutes or research funding bodies.

   Smart Tourism (ST) receives financial support from Beijing Chuncheng Education Publications Research Center, hence the APC is free for authors for the time being. The editorial office of ST expresses its sincere thanks to the sponsor.

  Waiver Policy

  For high-quality articles graded by our editorial board members and authors from low-income countries with difficulty to pay, ST will access in a case-by-case basis and may approve certain discount to ensure the publication of high-quality articles. ST reserves the rights to approve or decline any such request. Please contact: editorial-st@apacsci.com.

• Statement of Informed Consent

  All papers submitted to our Journal should declare agreement with the following "statement of informed consent". Any paper lacking it will not be considered for publication. When informed consent has been obtained, it should be indicated in the published article.

  Patients have a right to privacy that should not be infringed without informed consent. All information which could contribute to identify patients, including patients’ names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, etc., unless the information is essential for scientific purposes and the patient (or parent or guardian) gives explicit written informed consent for publication. For this purpose the manuscript should be shown to the patient before publication and specific and explicit informed consent should be obtained. Furthermore, individuals who provide writing assistance should be identified by the authors, and they must disclose the funding source for this assistance.

  Identifying details should be omitted if they are not essential. However, since complete anonymity is difficult to achieve, informed consent should be obtained from each patient involved, if there is any doubt. If identifying characteristics are altered to protect anonymity, such as in genetic pedigrees, authors should provide assurance that alterations do not distort scientific meaning, and editors will note that.

  Nonessential identifying details should be omitted. Informed consent should be obtained if there is any doubt that anonymity can be maintained. For example, masking the eye region in photographs of patients is inadequate protection of anonymity. If identifying characteristics are de-identified, authors should provide assurance that alterations do not distort scientific meaning, and editors will note that.

• Statement of Human and Animal Rights

  All papers submitted to this journal should declare agreement with the following "statement of human and animal rights". Papers describing procedures involving humans or animals must include an explicit and easily identifiable statement pointing out that the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008. If any doubt exists as to whether the research was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, the authors must explain the rationale for their approach, and then demonstrate that the institutional ethical committee explicitly approved the doubtful aspects of the study.

  When reporting experiments on animals, authors should be asked to indicate whether the institutional and national guide for the care and use of laboratory animals was followed.

• Section Collection Policy

  The Section Collection program has been driven by Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte. Ltd. for a new chance to run an open access journal. This program aims to collect multidisciplinary topics, and concentrate authors from diverse research fields to focus on a special theme. It is great attempt to develop new ideas and applications. Section editorial team is composed of many scientists whose research fields covering various interests. They all supervise the implementation of the program, and the editorial process must comply with editorial policies of the journal.

  A Section Collection is usually launched by an expert with great trust among peers and invited by the Editorial Office, or scholars could apply a section collection. Section Editors are representatives focusing on a theme from multidisciplinary topics. They have different research background, and gather to initiate new ideas and collaborations. Great responsibilities of Section Editors include:

  • Preparing the title, summary, keywords, submission deadline, etc.
  • Preparing a potential contributors’ list.
  • Suspecting and contributing to the editorial progress , including but not limited to the initial screening, peer-reviewed process, and final decision making.

   

  Workflow of Section Collection

  Section Editors are invited to prepare the summary of Section Collections, and advert the project. New manuscripts should be submitted via the open journal system, and then Section Collection Editors will evaluate the research field and the integrality of the manuscripts. Assistant Editors will screen the originality by iThenticate. Any manuscript with potential misconduct must be prevented to the next stage. The Editorial Office will pass it for the double-blind peer-reviewed process for further review comments with no less than two reviewers. The Section Collection Editors have the responsibility to supervise the rigor and scientificity of the whole process. All the comments are collected to Section Editors, who will make the final decision on the manuscript such as acceptance, revision, or rejection. Accepted manuscripts will go through the production stage. Meanwhile, authors will get the article accepted notification. Published papers will be archived in the current issue of the journal, and also collected on the Section Collections page.

• Author Guidelines

  Author Guidelines

  Before your submission, please check that your manuscript has been prepared in accordance to the step-by-step instructions for submitting a manuscript to our online submission system.

  Manuscript Format

  Your manuscript should be in MS Word format. All manuscripts must be written in clear, comprehensible English. Both British and American English are accepted. Usage of non-English words should be kept to a minimum. If you have concerns about the level of English in your submission, please ensure that it is proofread before submission by a native English speaker or a scientific editing service.

  Cover Letter

  All submissions should include a cover letter as a separate file. A cover letter should contain a brief explanation of what was previously known, the conceptual advancement with the findings and its significance to broad readership. The cover letter is confidential and will be read only by the editors. It will not be seen by reviewers.

  Title

  The title should capture the conceptual significance for a broad audience. The title should not be more than 50 words and should be able to give readers an overall view of the paper’s significance. Titles should avoid using uncommon jargons, abbreviations and punctuation.

  List of Authors

  The names of authors should be listed along with their affiliations. Authors should be listed according to the extent of their contribution, with the major contributor listed first. All corresponding authors should be identified with an asterisk. Affiliations should contain the following core information: department, institution, city, and country. For contact, email address of at least one corresponding author must be included. Please note that all authors must see and approve the final version of the manuscript before submitting.

  Abstract

  The abstract is a brief description of the full text. The purpose of abstract is to provide sufficient information for a reader to determine whether or not to proceed to the full text of the article. After the abstract, please give 3–8 key words; please avoid using the same words as those already used in the title.

  Text

  The text of the manuscript should be in Microsoft Word. 

  Section Headings

  Please number the section headings (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4) in boldface. Likewise, use boldface to identify subheadings too but please distinguish it from major headings using numbers (e.g. 1.1., 1.2., 2.1., 2.2.) Further subsections of subheadings should be italic, bold without numbers.

  Introduction

  Introduction should provide a background that gives a broad readership an overall outlook of the field and the research performed. It tackles a problem and states its importance regarding the significance of the study.

  Materials and Methods

  This section provides the general experimental design and methodologies used. The aim is to provide enough details for other investigators to fully replicate your results. It is also required to facilitate better understanding of the results obtained. Protocols and procedures for new methods must be included in detail to reproduce the experiments.

  Results

  This section can be divided into subheadings. This section focuses on the results of the experiments performed.

  Conclusion

  Please use the conclusion section for interpretation only, and not to summarize information already presented in the text or abstract.

  Discussion

  If this section is included, it may provide the significance of the results and identify the impact of the research in a broader context. It should not be redundant or similar to the content of the results section.

  Conflict of Interest

  All authors are required to declare all activities that have the potential to be deemed as a source of competing interest in relations to their submitted manuscript. Examples of such activities could include personal or work-related relationships, and events. Authors who have nothing to declare are encouraged to add "No conflict of interest was reported by all authors" in this section.

  Acknowledgements

  If possible, authors may declare all financial and non-financial support that have the potential to be deemed as a source of competing interest in relations to their submitted manuscript in this section if possible. Financial supports are generally in the form of grants, royalties, consulting fees and more. Examples of non-financial support could include the following: externally-supplied equipments/biological sources, writing assistance, administrative support, and contributions from non-authors.

  Appendix

  This section is optional and is for all materials (e.g. advanced technical details) that have been excluded from the main text but remain essential to readers in understanding the manuscripts. This section is not for supplementary figures. Authors are advised to refer to the section on "Supplementary figures" for such submissions. This section is after References.

  Figures

  Authors should include all figures into the manuscript and submit it as one file in the OJS. Figures include photographs, scanned images, graphs, charts and schematic diagrams. Please remember to label all figures (e.g. axis) and number them (e.g. Figure 1, Figure 2) in boldface. Please also add in captions (below the figure) as required. The caption should describe the entire figure without citing specific panels, followed by a legend defined as description of each panel. Please identify each panel with letters in parenthesis (e.g. (a), (b), (c)).

  The preferred file formats for any separately submitted figure(s) are TIFF or JPEG. All figures should be legible in print form and of optimal resolution. Although there are no file size limitation imposed, authors are highly encouraged to compress their figures to an ideal size without unduly affecting legibility and resolution of figures. This will also speed up the process of uploading in the submission system if necessary.

  The Editor-in-Chief and editors reserve the right to request from author(s) the high-resolution files and unprocessed data and metadata files should the need arise at any point after manuscript submission for reasons such as production, evaluation or other purposes. The file name should allow for ease in identifying the associated manuscript submitted.

  Tables, Lists and Equations

  Tables created using Microsoft Word table function are preferred. The tables should include a title on top. Titles and footnotes/legends should be concise. These must be submitted together with the manuscript. Likewise, lists and equations should be properly aligned and its meaning clear to readers. For listing things within the main body of the manuscript, please use Arabic numerals in parenthesis (e.g. 1, 2, 3, or (1), (2), (3), (4)).

  In-text citations

  Citations in the text should be numbered consecutively in superscript square brackets. Some examples:

  a) Negotiation research spans many disciplines^[3,4].

  b) This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman^[5].

  c) This effect has been widely studied^{[1–3, 7]}.

  Personal communications and unpublished works can only be used in the main text of the submission and are not to be placed in the Reference section. Authors are advised to limit such usage to the minimum. They should also be easily identifiable by stating the authors and year of such unpublished works or personal communications and the word "Unpublished" in parenthesis. E.g. (Smith J, 2000, Unpublished).

   

  References

  This section is compulsory and should be placed at the end of all manuscripts. The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should be excluded from this section.

  References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in square brackets. Authors referenced are listed with their surname followed by their initials. All references should also appear as an in-text citation. If the referred article has more than three authors, list only the first three authors and abbreviate the remaining authors to italicized "et al" (meaning: "and others").

  Standard journal article

  Journal article with one to three authors

  •Jackson D, Firtko A, Edenborough M. Personal resilience as a strategy for surviving and thriving in the face of workplace adversity: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2007; 60(1): 1–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04412.x.

  Journal article with more than three authors

  •Hargreave M, Jensen A, Nielsen TSS, et al. Maternal use of fertility drugs and risk of cancer in children—A nationwide population-based cohort study in Denmark. International Journal of Cancer 2015; 136(8): 1931–1939. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29235.

  Book

  Book with one to three authors

  •Schneider Z, Whitehead D, Elliott D. Nursing and midwifery research: Methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice. 3^rd ed. Marrickville, NSW: Elsevier Australia; 2007.

  Book with more than three authors

  •Davis M, Charles L, Curry MJ, et al. Challenging spatial norms. London: Routledge; 2003.

  Chapter or Article in Book

  •Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (editors). The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93–113.

   

  Others

  Proceedings of meetings and symposiums, conference papers

  •Christensen S, Oppacher F. An analysis of Koza’s computational effort statistic for genetic programming. In: Foster JA, Lutton E, Miller J, et al. (editors). Genetic programming. EuroGP 2002: Proceedings of the 5^th European Conference on Genetic Programming; 2002 Apr 3–5; Kinsdale, Berlin: Springer; 2002. p. 182–191.

  Conference proceedings (from electronic database)

  •Harnden P, Joffe JK, Jones WG (editors). Germ cell tumours V. Proceedings of the 5^th Germ Cell Tumour Conference; 2001 Sep 13–15; Leeds, New York: Springer; 2002.

  Online Document with author names

  •Este J, Warren C, Connor L, et al. Life in the clickstream: The future of journalism [Internet]. Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance; 2008. Available from: http://www.alliance.org.au/documents/foj_report_final.pdf.

  Online Document without author name

  •Developing an argument. Princeton Writing Program [Internet]. Princeton: Princeton University; 1999. Available from: https://www.haverford.edu/sites/default/files/Office/Writing-Center/developinganargument.pdf.

  Thesis/Dissertation

  •Borkowski MM. Infant sleep and feeding: A telephone survey of Hispanic Americans [PhD thesis]. Mount Pleasant (MI): Central Michigan University; 2002.

  Patent

  •Rencher WF (inventor). Bioadhesive pharmaceutical carrier. US patent. 5,462,749 A. 1994 May 24.

  Legislation

  •Digital Economy Act 2017 [Internet]. 2017 Apr 27 [cited 2021 Jan 13] (Great Britain). Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2017/30/introduction/enacted.

  Standards

  •AS 1288-2006. Glass in buildings:  Selection and installation.

  Government Report

  •National Commission of Audit. Report to the Commonwealth Government. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service; 1996.

  Government report (online)

  •Department of Health and Ageing. Ageing and aged care in Australia [Internet]. 2008. Available from: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/ main/publishing.nsf/Content/ageing.

   

  Note: When referencing an entry from a dictionary or an encyclopedia with no author, there is no requirement to include the source in the reference list. In these cases, only cite the title and year of the source in-text. For an authored dictionary/encyclopedia, treat the source as an authored book.

• Copyright Notice

  The authors shall retain the copyright of their work but allow the Publisher to publish, copy, distribute, and convey the work.

  All articles published by Smart Tourism are licensed under the Creative Commons International Licenses. Without any explicit request from the corresponding author during submission stage, a paper will be published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) by default. The authors who would like to publish their work under a non-commercial purpose license, i.e. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), they should express explicit request during submission stage. Please include statement below in the Comments for the Editor column on the submission page:

  The contributors or authors for this submission entitled “[MANUSCRIPT TITLE]”, i.e. [NAMES of ALL AUTHORS], have given their consents to alter the Creative Commons license to *CC BY-NC 4.0* under which this submission will be published in Smart Tourism.

• Privacy Statement

  The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

APC Payment

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*Article No.

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