A seven-year analysis of the tourism sector of India with a prediction model—A case study of smart tourism

Swati Lipsa, Ranjan Kumar Dash

Article ID: 2526
Vol 5, Issue 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/st.v5i1.2526
Received: 29 January 2024; Accepted: 18 March 2024; Available online: 30 April 2024;
Issue release: 30 June 2024

VIEWS - 6939 (Abstract)

Download PDF

Abstract

The tourism sector requires in-depth analysis and forecasting to provide a clear picture of various factors that affect the visits of foreign tourists to certain countries. In this context, the work carried out in this paper provides an in-depth analysis of the number of tourists to India and the revenue generated from them from the years 2014 to 2020. Furthermore, the analysis of the different states of India to which the tourists visited the most and the quarterly analysis of the tourists to India are also presented. The impact of the corona pandemic on the tourism sector of India is also shown by comparing the number of tourists in 2019 and 2020. Support vector regression (SVR) is trained with historical data on the number of tourists from 2001 to 2016 and validated for 2017 to 2019. This trained model is used to forecast the number of tourists from 2020 to 2023 to study the impact of corona pandemic on the number of foreign tourists to India. Similarly, historical data on foreign exchange fees from 2001 to 2016 is used to train the model, which is validated with data from 2017 to 2019. This train model is used to predict the Foreign Exchange Earning (FEE) for the years 2020 to 2022. The actual FEE is compared with the predicted FEE to show the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the revenue generated from tourism in India.


Keywords

smart tourism; foreign exchange money; machine learning; support vector regression; foreign tourists


References

1. Kumar S, Kumar V, Bhatt IK, Kumar S. Mapping Research Trends on Smart Tourism: A Bibliometric Analysis. Digital Transformation of the Hotel Industry: Theories, Practices, and Global Challenges. 2023; 87-109.

2. Ye BH, Ye H, Law R. Systematic Review of Smart Tourism Research. Sustainability. 2020; 12(8): 3401. doi: 10.3390/su12083401

3. Shafiee S, Ghatari AR, Hasanzadeh A, et al. Developing a model for smart tourism destinations: an interpretive structural modelling approach. Information Technology & Tourism. 2022; 24(4): 511-546. doi: 10.1007/s40558-022-00236-7

4. Derdouri A, Osaragi T. A machine learning-based approach for classifying tourists and locals using geotagged photos: the case of Tokyo. Information Technology & Tourism. 2021; 23(4): 575-609. doi: 10.1007/s40558-021-00208-3

5. Peng R, Lou Y, Kadoch M, et al. A Human-Guided Machine Learning Approach for 5G Smart Tourism IoT. Electronics. 2020; 9(6): 947. doi: 10.3390/electronics9060947

6. Correia A, Dolnicar S. Machine learning applied to tourism—Contributions by Célia MQ Ramos. Women’s voices in tourism research. 2021.

7. Ma H. Development of a smart tourism service system based on the Internet of Things and machine learning. The Journal of Supercomputing. 2023; 1-21.

8. Ghorbani A, Danaei A, Barzegar SM, Hemmatian H. Post modernism and designing smart tourism organization (STO) for tourism management. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development. 2019; 8(28): 50-69.

9. Mehraliyev F, Chan ICC, Choi Y, et al. A state-of-the-art review of smart tourism research. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 2020; 37(1): 78-91. doi: 10.1080/10548408.2020.1712309

10. Akdu U. Smart Tourism: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities. The Emerald Handbook of ICT in Tourism and Hospitality. Published online November 30, 2020: 291-308. doi: 10.1108/978-1-83982-688-720201018

11. Wang W, Kumar N, Chen J, et al. Realizing the Potential of the Internet of Things for Smart Tourism with 5G and AI. IEEE Network. 2020; 34(6): 295-301. doi: 10.1109/mnet.011.2000250

12. Cavalheiro MB, Joia LA, Cavalheiro GMC. Towards a Smart Tourism Destination Development Model: Promoting Environmental, Economic, Socio-cultural and Political Values. Tourism Planning & Development. 2019; 17(3): 237-259. doi: 10.1080/21568316.2019.1597763

13. Pai CK, Liu Y, Kang S, et al. The Role of Perceived Smart Tourism Technology Experience for Tourist Satisfaction, Happiness and Revisit Intention. Sustainability. 2020; 12(16): 6592. doi: 10.3390/su12166592

14. Bastidas-Manzano AB, Sánchez-Fernández J, Casado-Aranda LA. The Past, Present, and Future of Smart Tourism Destinations: A Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. 2020; 45(3): 529-552. doi: 10.1177/1096348020967062

15. Corrêa SCH, Gosling MS. Travelers’ Perception of Smart Tourism Experiences in Smart Tourism Destinations. Tourism Planning & Development. 2020; 18(4): 415-434. doi: 10.1080/21568316.2020.1798689

16. Gretzel U. Conceptualizing the smart tourism mindset: Fostering utopian thinking in smart tourism development. Journal of Smart Tourism. 2021; 1(1): 3-8.

17. Muniz ECL, Dandolini GA, Biz AA, et al. Customer knowledge management and smart tourism destinations: a framework for the smart management of the tourist experience – SMARTUR. Journal of Knowledge Management. 2020; 25(5): 1336-1361. doi: 10.1108/jkm-07-2020-0529

18. Errichiello L, Micera R. A process-based perspective of smart tourism destination governance. European Journal of Tourism Research. 2021; 29: 2909. doi: 10.54055/ejtr.v29i.2436

19. Borges-Tiago T, Veríssimo J, Tiago F. Smart tourism: a scientometric review (2008-2020). European Journal of Tourism Research. 2021; 30: 3006. doi: 10.54055/ejtr.v30i.2593

20. Novera CN, Ahmed Z, Kushol R, et al. Internet of Things (IoT) in smart tourism: a literature review. Spanish Journal of Marketing—ESIC. 2022; 26(3): 325-344. doi: 10.1108/sjme-03-2022-0035

21. Kontogianni A, Alepis E, Patsakis C. Promoting smart tourism personalised services via a combination of deep learning techniques. Expert Systems with Applications. 2022; 187: 115964. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2021.115964

22. Balakrishnan J, Dwivedi YK, Malik FT, et al. Role of smart tourism technology in heritage tourism development. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2021; 31(11): 2506-2525. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2021.1995398

23. India Tourism Statistics 2022. Available online: https://tourism.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-09/India%20Tourism%20Statistics%202022%20%28English%29.pdf (accessed on 6 March 2023).

24. India Tourism 2014-2020. Available online: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/rajkachhadiya/india-tourism-20142020 (accessed on 6 March 2023).

25. Lipsa S, Dash RK. GASVR—A Model to Predict and Analyze Crude Oil Price. 2022 2nd Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON). doi: 10.1109/asiancon55314.2022.9908764

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Swati Lipsa, Ranjan Kumar Dash

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/


This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).