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The exacerbation of climate change impacts within metropolitan areas is a well-documented phenomenon, often leading to severe consequences that pose significant risks to human populations. The impact of urban vegetation and planting design on these factors can be observed. However, it is worth mentioning that while there is an extensive body of literature on the consequences of climate change, there is a relatively small number of studies specifically focused on examining the role of vegetation as a mitigating factor in urban environments. This review paper aims to critically examine existing studies pertaining to the role of urban vegetation in mitigating the detrimental effects of the urban environment. The objective is to offer practical recommendations that can be implemented by city planners. By conducting a comprehensive examination of the literature available in Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, employing specific keywords pertaining to urban vegetation and climate change, we have identified five prominent concerns pertaining to the urban environment. These concerns encompass particulate matter, gaseous pollution, noise pollution, water runoff, and the urban heat island effect. The present analysis highlights that the impact of urban vegetation on the negative consequences of climate change cannot be unequivocally classified as either positive or negative. This is due to the fact that the influence of urban greenery is intricately connected to factors such as the arrangement, makeup, and dispersion of vegetation, as well as the specific management criteria employed. Hence, this research has the potential to enhance comprehension of the multifaceted nature of urban green spaces and establish a solid groundwork for subsequent investigations.
Tourism has been instrumental in fostering regional economic growth, enhancing the quality of life of residents, and boosting the image of urban areas in Shaanxi, thanks to the accelerated economic and social development of recent years. Nevertheless, the issue of aligning urban development and tourism in terms of space, resources, and the industrial chain remains a significant concern. This paper establishes an evaluation index system for tourism and urban development in the Shaanxi region from 2009 to 2019. It then employs the systematic coupling coordination model to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the coupling coordination degree of tourism and urban development in the region, as well as its various influencing factors. The study demonstrates that the coupling and coordination degree of tourism and urban development in the Shaanxi region exhibited a trend of continuous improvement from 2009 to 2019. The region underwent three stages of development: “uncoordinated development (2009–2011), transformation development (2012–2016), and coordinated development (2017–2019).” The coupling coordination level was elevated from “mild dissonance” to “intermediate coordination” in 2019. In contrast, the tourism economic development of Shaanxi cities remains unequal, as evidenced by the existence of two distinct categories of development: the “lagging tourism economy” and the “coordinated tourism economy.” The findings of this investigation indicate that the general trend of urban development and tourism in Shaanxi is favorable; however, the disparities in the progress of the tourism economy among cities necessitate additional regional coordination and cooperation. The theoretical support for the relevant research and a reference basis for tourism development planning and urban policy making are provided by the evaluation index system and the systematic coupling coordination model proposed in this paper. This will facilitate the sustainable and coordinated development of the tourism industry and cities in Shaanxi.
Spatio-temporal analysis of urban heat island dynamics in urban centers landscape of southwest Ethiopia
Article ID: 2976
Vol 6, Issue 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/ec2976
Vol 6, Issue 1, 2025
Received: 8 October 2024; Accepted: 22 January 2025; Available online: 18 February 2025; Issue release: 30 June 2025
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Abstract
Climate change is becoming a global threat to human well-being and the sustainability of the planet Earth. The central cores of urban centers are significantly observed warmer than their surrounding outskirts or rural areas, which is identified as the urban heat island (UHI) effect fueled by massive Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change. The main research aim was to examine the Spatio-temporal variation of UHI dynamics based on the land surface temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and built-up density in the urban centers (Jimma, Bedelle, Bonga, and Sokorru) landscape using techniques of remote sensing. In this study, Landsat thematic mapper (TM) for 1987 and Landsat Operational Imagery (OLI) for 2018 in the extraction of LST were used for examining UHI. Also, LULC, NDVI and built-up density of the urban centers were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the urban core had greater LST and UHI values, due to an increase of built-up density and a decline of green space. The result of LST mean value range rose from 20.1 ℃ (Bonga) to 23.3 ℃ (Sokorru) in 1987 and 22.67 ℃ (Bedelle) to 24.74 ℃ (Bonga), and 24.72 ℃ (Sokorru) in 2018, while the maximum observed LST value range from 28.97 ℃ (Jimma) in 1987 to 32.61 ℃ (Bonga) in 2018. The maximum range of UHI mean value was from 11.23 ℃ (1987) to 14.04 ℃ (2018), while the maximum observed UHI value ranged from 19.63 ℃ in 1987 to 23.32 ℃ in 2018 over Jimma city. The computed correlation at 5% significance results showed LULC change has a significant association with surface air temperature (r = 0.621, Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.031) accompanied by UHI impacts. We recommended urban authorities, policymakers, and urban planners should consider the effects of LST and UHI in urban planning to realize climate-smart urban centers of tomorrow in urban centers of southwest Ethiopia.
Keywords
urban heat island; land surface temperature; land use; urbanization; NDVI; and built-up density
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