Physiological Benefits of Phytomelatonin and the Prospects for it as a Nutraceutical: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Melatonin is a tryptophan-derived hormone recognized for its diverse physiological benefits such as circadian rhythm regulation and sleep modulation. Its antioxidant properties have implications for cancer prevention, immune enhancement, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular health. In contrast, phytomelatonin, a plant-derived counterpart discovered in 1995, shares similar antioxidant capabilities but follows distinct synthesis pathways. Phytomelatonin shows promise in managing sleep disorders and reducing oxidative stress, aligning with the growing interest in plant-based solutions. This review highlights melatonins physiological roles and explores the potential of phytomelatonin as a nutraceutical for preventive and therapeutic interventions. Moreover, this review identifies research gaps to direct future investigations and refine the understanding of melatonin and phytomelatonin. Phytomelatonin, as a safer alternative to synthetic melatonin, holds therapeutic promise and warrants further research to elucidate its efficacy, bioavailability, and optimal usage. This review underscores the nuanced interplay between melatonin and phytomelatonin, offering insights into natural supplementation and therapeutics aligned with evolving preferences for effective healthcare practices.