Gender role in agroforestry adoption and management in Garo ethnic community of Bangladesh

Sumaiya Binte Rahman Asha, S. M. Kamran Ashraf, Md Tanbheer Rana, Saleha Khatun Ripta, Mst. Sohela Afroz, S. M. Sanjida Tasnim Urmi, Al Rahat, Shoumika Binte Shafiqe, Kazi Kamrul Islam

Article ID: 2961
Vol 3, Issue 2, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/ssd2961
Received: 25 September 2024; Accepted: 14 March 2025; Available online: 26 March 2025; Issue release: 30 April 2025


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Abstract

Agroforestry holds significant promise for offering substantial benefits to the Garo ethnic community, who are recognized as one of the primary indigenous groups in the Madhupur region with distinct cultural identities. Given the integral role of community involvement in agroforestry management, particularly in relation to gender dynamics, this study sought to analyze the gender role of Garo men and women in adopting and managing agroforestry practices. Data were gathered from 70 Garo tribal farmers (37 male and 33 female) across six villages practicing various agroforestry techniques in the Madhupur Sal forest area. Using a mixed-methods approach that incorporated semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and direct observations, the study identified prevalent agroforestry practices featuring various tree-crop combinations. These included Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) paired with Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale), as well as other combinations such as Akashmoni-Pineapple-Turmeric, Akashmoni-Pineapple-Papaya, and Akashmoni-Pineapple-Aroid. Both men and women exhibited a moderate to high level of involvement in agroforestry programs, with decision-making processes shared between genders. However, challenges were encountered, particularly by women from ethnic minority backgrounds, including limited technical knowledge, financial resources, and labor availability. Despite these obstacles, both Garo men and women expressed a keen interest in agroforestry practices as a means to enhance their income and livelihoods, forming gender-based partnerships to address associated challenges in a changing socioeconomic landscape.


Keywords

sex-based dynamics; woodland governance; indigenous livelihoods; female empowerment; eco-friendly practices


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