3D printing has fundamentally transformed traditional manufacturing practices by enabling decentralized production, customization, and significant reductions in waste and energy consumption. This paper provides a thorough examination of the advancements, applications, challenges, and future prospects of 3D printing in fostering sustainable manufacturing practices across diverse industries. Key additive manufacturing technologies such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) are discussed in relation to their role in achieving sustainability goals. The versatility of 3D printing materials, including biodegradable polymers, recycled metals, and eco-friendly composites, is highlighted alongside their environmental benefits and functional advantages in sectors such as automotive, healthcare, construction, consumer products, electronics, aerospace, and defense. Despite the transformative potential of 3D printing, challenges such as material limitations, energy consumption, regulatory compliance, and initial costs persist, requiring collaborative efforts to overcome. Looking ahead, ongoing research and development efforts in materials science, process optimization, and Industry 4.0 integration are poised to further enhance the sustainability and scalability of 3D printing technologies, thereby paving the way for a more environmentally conscious and economically viable manufacturing future.