Correlation Analysis between Systemic Immune Inflammation Index and Adverse Outcomes in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Abstract

Background: The prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage is strongly linked to systemic inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and adverse outcomes in patients diagnosed with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Method: Between February 2020 and September 2022, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis involving 102 aSAH patients who visited our hospital. We collected baseline and clinical data to assess the relationship between SII and prognosis. Patients were categorized into either the good or poor prognosis group based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score three months post-discharge. Comparative analysis of baseline and clinical data at admission and three months post-discharge was conducted between the two groups. Result: The study included 51 patients in the good prognosis group and 51 patients in the poor prognosis group. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of age, the number of patients undergoing craniotomy clipping surgery, the number of patients receiving endovascular embolization treatment, main grade of Fisher at admission, and postoperative complications (p < 0.05). The Area Under Curve (AUC) for predicting adverse outcomes in aSAH using SII was 0.812 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.730–0.894, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 0.863, specificity of 0.627, and an optimal cut-off value of 2214.5. Furthermore, the odds ratio (OR) of SII as an independent influencing factor was 10.586 (95% CI: 3.977–28.177, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prognosis of aSAH patients at three months post-discharge is associated with their SII at admission. An elevated SII indicates a higher incidence of adverse outcomes in aSAH patients.