Pharmacogenomics: The Promising Future of Clinical Therapeutics

Azher Arafah

Article ID: 7875
Vol 38, Issue 3, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23812/j.biol.regul.homeost.agents.20243803.144
Received: 20 March 2024; Accepted: 20 March 2024; Available online: 20 March 2024; Issue release: 20 March 2024

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics (PGx), a rapidly evolving field at the intersection of pharmacology and genomics, has the potential to revolutionize medical practice by investigating how an individuals genetic makeup influences their response to drugs. By optimizing drug selection, dosage, and treatment strategies based on an individuals genetic profile, pharmacogenomics aims to improve therapeutic outcomes, minimize adverse reactions, and enhance healthcare efficiency. Recent advancements in high-throughput genotyping technologies and the availability of genomic data have paved the way for personalized and targeted therapies. This review highlights pharmacogenomicss fundamental principles, applications, and challenges, emphasizing its potential to transform clinical practice and patient care. The field has made significant progress in understanding the impact of genetic variants on drug response, ranging from monogenic to complex polygenic variants. However, the implementation of pharmacogenomics in public health institutions remains limited. With continuous advancements and increasing integration of genomics into medicine, pharmacogenomics is poised to play a crucial role in precision medicine, improving drug efficacy, minimizing toxicity, and driving advancements in drug discovery and development.


Keywords

pharmacogenetics;pharmacogenomics;adverse drug reaction;drug transporters;gene variants;precision medicine


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