Neuroprotective Potential of Trachyspermum Ammi Essential Oil against Monosodium Glutamate Induced Excitotoxicity by Reducing Accumulation of β-Amyloid

Maandvi Sharma, Alok Shiomurti Tripathi, Tabinda Hasan, Mohammad Yasir, Kavitha Ganesh, Najwa Abdur Rashid, Himani Awasthi, Priya Pathak, Lucy Mohapatra, Rahul Kumar Maurya

Article ID: 7426
Vol 37, Issue 7, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23812/j.biol.regul.homeost.agents.20233707.371
Received: 8 August 2023; Accepted: 8 August 2023; Available online: 8 August 2023; Issue release: 8 August 2023

Abstract

Background: Present investigation evaluates the neuroprotective effect of Trachyspermum ammi essential oil (TAEO) against monosodium glutamate induced excitotoxicity. Methods: Glutamate excitotoxicity was induced in rats by administrating monosodium glutamate [MSG; 2 g/kg body weight, intraperitoneally (i.p.)] for seven days and further animals were grouped into the following groups along with respective treatments: Group 1: Normal healthy control animals without any treatment; Group 2: MSG-2 g/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)+vehicle treated disease control animals; Group 3: MSG-2 g/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)+TAEO 250 mg/kg orally; Group 4: MSG-2 g/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)+500 mg/kg; Group 5: MSG-2 g/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)+D-cycloserine 10 mg/kg, i.p. Effect of TAEO was estimated on motor and cognitive function, oxidative stress parameters and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain tissue of excitotoxicity rat model. Moreover β-Amyloid deposition on the brain tissue was estimated using Congo Red staining. Results: There was significant improvement in motor and cognitive function in TAEO group in comparison with the negative control group, which was observed to be reversed in TAEO+N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) treated agonist. Treatment with TAEO ameliorates the altered parameters of oxidative stress and activity of AChE in the brain tissue of excitotoxicity rats. β-Amyloid deposition was observed to be reduced in TAEO treated group as compared with negative control group. However, this effect of TAEO was reversed in the brain tissue of TAEO+NMDA agonist treated group. Conclusions: Hence, the data of the present study suggested that the TAEO treatment improves the motor and cognitive function in MSG-induced excitotoxicity in rat model by reducing oxidative stress and formation of β-Amyloid plaque by targeting NMDA receptor.


Keywords

Trachyspermum ammi essential oil;monosodium glutamate;excitotoxicity;oxidative stress;β-Amyloid


References

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