Identification of Neoantigen from Non-Coding Region by RNC-RNA-Sequence in Mouse Lung Cancer

Abstract

Background: Tumor-specific neoantigens are ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy, but few of these have been identified thus far. An analysis strategy was developed for neoantigen in non-coding regions by RNC (ribosome-nascent chain complex)-RNA-seq in mouse lung cancer. Methods: In LLC (Lewis lung carcinoma) cell lines, RNC extraction, RNC-RNA extraction, RNC-RNA seq and bioinformatics analysis were carried out. The immunogenicity and specificity were determined by immunizing mice. Results: Twenty neoantigens were identified from non-coding regions. Seventeen long peptides were synthesized successfully and 5/17 of these neoantigens were found to be immunogenic. In tumor transplant models, the non-coding neoantigen vaccines immunization achieved in vivo tumor control in protective and therapeutic settings. Conclusions: In mice, the non-coding neoantigen vaccines can provoke anti-tumour effect against lung cancer. This can form the basis for future study of RNC-RNA-seq, as a method to identify non-coding neoantigens.