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Clinical applications of microenvironment-controlled immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes: a review
Vol 32, Issue 4S1, 2018
Abstract
The discovery that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate inflammation and promote tissue regeneration has revolutionized stem cells-based therapy. However, some observations have raised questions about the limitations of their clinical use. On the other hand, recent findings have demonstrated that exosomes released by MSCs contribute significantly to their therapeutic effect and may be used as an alternative MSCs-based therapy in regenerative medicine. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the immunosuppressive capacity of MSCs-derived exosomes and we discuss the critical role of the surrounding microenvironment in the modulation of their regenerative and therapeutic potential.
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Medical Genetics, University of Torino Medical School, Italy
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy