The heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase system in skin cancers

V Arena; I Pennacchia; G Guerriero; C Mancuso

doi:10.54517/jbrha5778

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Asia Pacific Academy of Science Pte. Ltd. (APACSCI) specializes in international journal publishing. APACSCI adopts the open access publishing model and provides an important communication bridge for academic groups whose interest fields include engineering, technology, medicine, computer, mathematics, agriculture and forestry, and environment.

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Macrophages in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and anti-psoriatic nanotherapies

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and inflammatory skin disease. Macrophages account for about 61.3% of the inflammatory cells infiltrating psoriatic lesions. Modulating macrophage polarization, inhibiting their infiltration, and targeting the secretion of inflammatory factors and associated inflammatory pathways by these cells can alleviate psoriasis symptoms and inflammation. Moreover, nanomaterials as novel drug carriers, offer unique advantages such as large surface area, easy modification, high biocompatibility, good biodegradability, enhanced systemic adsorption, etc. Nanomaterials have great potential for efficient drug delivery and release, as well as improving therapeutic efficacy while reducing adverse effects. By systematically addressing the role of macrophages in psoriasis pathogenesis and the potential of nanomaterials in treating psoriasis through modulating macrophages, this review enhances our understanding of the disease mechanism and holds promise for novel therapeutic breakthroughs and advancements in the future treatment of psoriasis.

The heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase system in skin cancers

V Arena, I Pennacchia, G Guerriero, C Mancuso

Article ID: 5778
Vol 29, Issue 1, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/jbrha5778

Received: 8 April 2015; Accepted: 8 April 2015; Available online: 8 April 2015; Issue release: 8 April 2015

Abstract

The heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase (HO/BVR) pathway enhances cell stress response by degrading excess heme or producing antioxidant and cytoprotective molecules. Recently, members of the HO/BVR system have been proposed as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of free radical-related diseases. In this study, the presence of both the inducible and constitutive HO isoforms (HO-1 and HO-2, respectively) and BVR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in human skin cancer samples. Moderate/strong immunoreactivities against HO-1, HO-2 and BVR were detected in 100% of the nodular malignant melanoma samples, whereas in basal cell carcinoma specimens these figures were 62%, 88% and 60%, respectively, with a faint/moderate degree of expression. Faint/moderate HO-1, HO-2 and BVR immunoreactivities were detected in 33%, 66% and 100% of melanocytic nevi samples, respectively. In conclusion, HO-1 and HO-2 and BVR were expressed in the cytosols of skin cancer cells, whereas perilesional normal epidermis showed only faint staining, thus leading to the hypothesis that the HO/BVR system is activated in skin cancers.

Keywords

basal cell carcinoma;biliverdin reductase;heme oxygenase;nodular melanoma

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Medical Genetics, University of Torino Medical School, Italy

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Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Italy

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2025-02-01

Notice of Change in Publication Schedule

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2025-01-21

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