Detection of endocarditis bacteria in tonsillar mucosa of Afghan population

F. Ruggiero, D. Carbone, R. Mugavero, A. Palmieri, D. Lauritano, L. Baggi, M. Nardone, F. Carinci, M. Martinelli

Article ID: 5732
Vol 32, Issue 2S1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/jbrha5732
Received: 9 May 2018; Accepted: 9 May 2018; Available online: 9 May 2018; Issue release: 9 May 2018

Abstract

Endocarditis is a cardiovascular disease caused by the inflammation of the inner tissues of the heart, the endocardium, usually of the valves. Bacteraemia is essential in the development of endocarditis, and there are some findings that the main pathogens of endocarditis are viridans group streptococci: Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Enterococcus faecalis. There is strong evidence that endocarditis bacteria are present in the tonsillar microbiota, so that tonsillar infection is associated with an increased risk of endocarditis. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the presence of the main pathogens of endocarditis in tonsillar microbiota of an Afghan population group. A sample of 80 tonsil swabs were analyzed by quantitative real time PCR to detect endocarditis pathogens and an estimation of the total bacterial load. The median bacterial load in PCR reaction was 1.4x106 (interquartile range 4,7x105 - 2,9x106). Three species, S. Oralis, S. Sanguinis, and E. Faecalis were found in large amounts in all specimens. On the other hand, S. Mitis was never detected. The S. Aureus was found in 3 samples with a prevalence of 0.04 (C.I. 0.01-0.10). The S. Mutans was found in 33 samples with a prevalence of 0.41 (C.I. 0.31-0.52). Endocarditis bacteria has been found into the tonsillar microbiota, so there is sufficient evidence to justify that the oral cavity is a reservoir of endocarditis bacteria that can have a significant impact on the cardiovascular function.


Keywords

endocarditis;tonsillar microbioma;cardiovascular disease;inflammation;infection


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