Targeting leukemic side population cells by isatin derivatives of nicotinic acid amide

A M Naglah, Z Shinwari, M A Bhat, M Al-Tahhan, M A Al-Omar, A Al-Dhfyan

Article ID: 4148
Vol 30, Issue 2, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/jbrha4148
Received: 6 June 2022; Accepted: 6 June 2022; Available online: 6 June 2022; Issue release: 6 June 2022

Abstract

Side population (SP) cells mediate chemoresistance in leukemia. However, chemical inhibition approach to target SP cells has been poorly studied. Herein, we report the discovery of isatin derivatives of nicotinic acid amide as potent side population cell inhibitors. The selected derivatives showed superior potency over the reference drug verapamil. Furthermore, the treatment increased chemosensitivity and inhibited the cell proliferation on three different leukemic cell lines, K562, THP-1 and U937, suggesting that both SP and the bulk of leukemic cells are affected. Moreover, treatment with the most potent compound Nic9 reduced the expression of ABCG2, demonstrating that side population inhibition effect of the target derivatives is at least via ABCG2 inhibition. Importantly, the target derivatives induced erythrocyte/dendritic differentiation to leukemic cells mainly through Musashi/Numb pathway modulation.


Keywords

isatin;nicotinic acid amide;side population cells (SP);chemoresistance;cell proliferation;ABCG2;Musashi/Numb pathway


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