Open Journal Systems

Determination of persistent organic pollutants in cow's milk from national production by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (gc/ms)

Camila Marranzini, Aris Mendis Gomez, Lizaira Bello, Enmanuel Echavarría, Alejandro Vallejo Degaudenzi

Article ID: 1977
Vol 3, Issue 1, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/aas.v3i1.1977
VIEWS - 62 (Abstract)

Abstract

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic chemicals capable of persisting in the environment, being transported over long distances, bioaccumulating and biomagnifying in ecosystems. The harmful effects of these compounds on the environment and the health of living beings are of concern. In particular, humans can come into contact with POPs when consuming contaminated food of animal origin with a high fat content. In the Dominican Republic these compounds have been widely used and generated. However, the levels of POP exposure to which the population is exposed are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence of 34 POPs in five main brands of nationally produced cow's milk. The samples were prepared using the QuEChERS extraction method and the analytical technique used was GC/MS. The results obtained indicated that no POPs were present in the samples.

The results obtained indicated that there is no presence of the POPs evaluated in any of the cow's milk samples, which suggests that their consumption does not represent a threat to the health of consumers. In addition, this study contributes to the knowledge on the evaluation of POPs in the Dominican Republic.

Keywords

contaminant; milk; Dominican Republic; chromatographic analysis; agricultural chemistry.

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Abad-Fuentes, A., Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Mercader, J. V. (2012). Development of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for boscalid determination in fruit juices. Food Chemistry, 135 (1),pp. 276-284. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j. Foodchem.2012.04.090.

2. Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., Abad-Somovilla, A., Quiñones-Reyes, G., Agulló, C., Mercader, J. V. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2015). Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for cyprodinil residue analysis in quechers-based fruit extracts. Food Chemistry, 187, pp. 530-536. Https://doi. Org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.119.

3. Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2015). Moiety and linker site heterologies for highly sensitive immunoanalysis of cyprodinil in fermented alcoholic beverages. Food Control, 50, pp. 393-400. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.09.023.

4. Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., Parra, J., Abad-Fuentes, A., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Mercader, J. V. (2010). Hapten synthesis, monoclonal antibody generation, and development of competitive immunoassays for the analysis of picoxystrobin in beer. Analytica Chimica Acta, 682 (1-2), pp. 93-103. Https://doi. Org/10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.042.

5. González-Techera, A., Varell, L., Last, J. A., Hammock, B. D. And González-Sapienza, G. (2007). Phage anti-immune complex assay: General strategy for non-competitive immunodetection of small molecules. Analytical Chemistry, 79 (20), pp. 7799-7806. Https://doi.org/10.1021/ ac071323h

6. Landsteiner, K. And Simms, S. (1923). Production of heterogenetic antibodies with mixtures of the binding part of the antigen and protein. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 38 (2), pp. 127-138. Https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.38.2.127

7. López-Moreno, R., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2014). Immunoassays for trifloxystrobin analysis. Part I. Rational design of regioisomeric haptens and production of monoclonal antibodies. Food Chemistry, 152, pp. 230-236. Https://doi. Org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.150.

8. López-Puertollano, D., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2018). Novel hapten and monoclonal antibodies with subnanomolar affinity for a classical analytical target, ochratoxin A. Scientific Reports, 8 (1), 9761. Https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598- 018-28138-x

9. Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2011). Synthesis of site-heterologous haptens for highaffinity anti-pyraclostrobin antibody generation. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 9 (5), pp. 1443-1453. Https:// doi.org/10.1039/c0ob00686f.

10. Mercader, J. V., López-Moreno, R., esteveturrillas, F. A., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2014). Immunoassays for trifloxystrobin analysis. Part II. Assay development and application to residue determination in food. Food Chemistry, 162, pp. 41-46. Https://doi. Org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.053.

11. Montalbetti, C. A. G. N. And Falque, V. (2005). Amide bond formation and peptide coupling. Tetrahedron, 61 (46), pp. 10827-10852. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j. Tet.2005.08.031.

12. Parra, J., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., abadsomovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2012). Generation of anti-azoxystrobin monoclonal antibodies from regioisomeric haptens functionalized at selected sites and development of indirect competitive immunoassays. Analytica Chimica Acta, 715, pp. 105-112. Https://doi. Org/10.1016/j.aca.2011.12.014.

13. Ramón-Azcón, J., Sánchez-Baeza, F., Sanvicens, N. And Marco, M. P. (2009). Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of the miticide bromopropylate. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57 (2), pp. 375-384. Https://doi.org/10.1021/ jf802821n

14. Sanvicens, N., Pichon, V., Hennion, M. C. And Marco, M. P. (2003). Preparation of antibodies and development of an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for determination of dealkylated hydroxytriazines. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51 (1), pp. 156-164. Https:// doi.org/10.1021/jf025640v.

15. Suárez-Pantaleón, C., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And Abad-Fuentes, A. (2008). Production and characterization of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to forchlorfenuron. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56 (23), pp. 11122-11131. Https://doi. Org/10.1021/jf802261x.

16. Suárez-Pantaleón, C., Mercader, J. V., Agulló, C., Abad-Somovilla, A. And abadfuentes, A. (2011). Forchlorfenuron-mimicking haptens: from immunogen design to characterization by hierarchical clustering analysis. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 9 (13), pp. 4863-4872. Https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ob05190c.

17. Vallejo, R. P., Bogus, E. R. And Mumma, R. O. (1982). Effects of hapten structure and bridging groups on antisera specificity in parathion immunoassay development. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 30 (3), pp. 572-580. Https:// doi.org/10.1021/jf00111a040.