This resarch aims to study the characteristics of fifteen inorganic elements in eight components of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San by the ICP-MS method. An ICP-MS method is established to determine the content of 15 inorganic elements in the 8-component medicines of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San. A characteristic profile for these 15 inorganic elements in the medicines is created. We use SIMCA-PCA to analyze the differences among the 8 components medicines, and principal component analysis (PCA) is also employed to identify the common inorganic elements responsible for the wind-dispelling and pain-relieving effects of Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Baizhi, Xixin, Jingjie, Fangfeng, and Bohe. The Student-Newman-Keuls is used to compare the differences in the common efficacy-related inorganic elements among these 7 herbs. We found that the characteristic profile of fifteen inorganic elements in the eight component medicine of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San are strongly defined. From SIMCA-PCA, the 3D scatter plot shows a significant difference between Licorice and the other 7 herbs. By analysising the main component, it indicates that the common inorganic elements contributing to the wind-dispelling and exterior-releasing effects of Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Baizhi, Xixin, Jingjie, Fangfeng, and Bohe are Mg, K, and S. Among the 7 herbs, the differences in Mg and S were not statistically significant, while the difference in K was statistically significant. From this research, we can know that the ICP-MS method is accurate, reliable and reproducible, the difference in the inorganic element profiles among the 8 components is significant, and the common efficacy-related inorganic elements is Mg, K and S.